How to Choose Sustainable Trash Bags

Updated on
February 6, 2025
Is it bad to use compostable bags for trash?

All plastic trash bags will break down into microplastics, there’s no avoiding this dirty reality. That said, trash bags made of organic material instead of fossil fuels won’t break down into microplastics (yay!), but be warned that any bio-based plastic will emit methane when it gets to landfill because of the organic material (not so yay!).

What can I use instead of plastic bags for trash?

Avoiding the bag altogether is an option if you’re willing to compost and recycle diligently. Take out the slimy food waste and you might be able to use just a reusable, washable bin instead.

Can black trash bags be recycled?

Standard trash bags made of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) are technically recyclable, but that doesn’t mean they will be recycled (check how your local municipality handles plastic #4). Some supermarkets accept LDPE plastic bags for recycling, so that might be a good place to start. Remember though, that for something to be recycled, it has to be clean...so also ask yourself if you really want to be cleaning your trash bags in order to recycle them. 

When shopping for trash bags, look for recycled plastic or compostable options. 

Materials

Plastic

Plastic is made of crude oil, which requires extracting petroleum – aka drilling and fracking, which have a host of negative environmental consequences that are not infrequent and can devastate already fragile wildlife populations. The environmental effects of drilling overwhelmingly impact people of color and low-income folks, who are more likely to live in communities near these sites. On top of this, all plastic trash bags will break down into microplastics, which we hate. 

Recycled Plastic

That said, a recycled plastic trash bag is better than a virgin plastic trash bag. We aim to use products made out of post-consumer recycled materials as much as possible, and this is a great opportunity to do so. As a rule of thumb, the higher the percentage of recycled plastic content the bag contains, the better. 

Bio-plastic

Trash bags made of bio-based plastic (aka not made of fossil fuels) are a great option if you are willing to pay a little extra, as they’re typically more expensive. We love them because they don’t break down into microplastics, but be warned that any bio-based plastic will emit methane when it gets to landfill because of the organic material.

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The Original Compostable Bag

These may be a bit larger than what you need on a normal basis, but they're made from the starches of plants, vegetable oils, and fully compostable polymers

Compostable Food Scrap Bags

These meet the toughest standards in the USA for compostability

Tall Kitchen Bags

Made with ergonomic handles, these are made from plant-based materials like sugar cane and 100% recyclable

Large Trash Bags

A favorite in Lizzie's house, these don't have a gross scent and are completely reliable

100% Compostable Tall Kitchen Food Scrap Bags

These bags are certified to meet compostability standards in both the US and Europe

Find out which A Guide to the Best Trash Bags are better than the rest.

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